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Chapter 7
Table of Contents
Appendix 2
Hungary index page
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(Excerpts from the 1956 Handbook, vol. 3.)
Court sentences
Breakdown of the proceedings and first degree sentences for the 'crimes against the People's Republic' between November 4, 1956 and April 1, 1958.
|
First degree sentences |
Numbers |
|
Offences |
Civil Courts |
Military |
Courts |
||
|
Ordinary |
Special |
Ordinary 1) |
Instant Sentences |
Total |
|
|
Anti Government organising 2) |
2 449 |
630 |
544 |
- |
3 623 |
|
Anti Government agitation 3) |
4 205 |
9 |
43 |
- |
4 257 |
|
Hidden Arms 4) |
1 966 |
93 |
72 |
376 |
2 507 |
|
Illegal border crossing 5) |
3 433 |
- |
162 |
- |
3 595 |
|
Others 6) |
297 |
- |
96 |
3 |
396 |
|
Total |
12 350 |
732 |
917 |
379 |
14 378 |
1) The 1957 data is only approximation.
2) BHÖ 1. & 8. points
3) BHÖ 2/a-d, 26-32. és BHÖ 3-7. points
4) BHÖ 33-34. points
5) BHÖ 48., 48/a-e points
6) BHÖ 9., 13-25., 35-47., 49-94. points
(BHÖ, The Hungarian Crimes Book and relevant paragraphs)
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Death Sentences for the "1956's crimes" between November 4, 1956 and April 1, 1958.*
|
Titles of the First Degree Courts' |
First Degree Death Sentence |
Final Degree Death Sentence |
|
Supreme Court |
4 |
4 |
|
County & Capital Courts |
90 |
66 |
|
Military Court |
107 |
100 |
|
Total |
201 |
170 |
*The above data does not include the Death Senteces between April 2, 1958 and August 26, 1961. This is the most comprehensive data of the Death Sentences passed and carried out according to data the Ministry of Justice collected and passed on to and was collated by the MSZMP KB (Hungarian Social Labour Party Central Council), Administration Department regarding the execution of their direction objective announcement. MOL MDP-MSZMP Document Department., 288. f. 30/1958/11. õ. e., the MSZMP KB Administration Department documents, 20-21.p.
Death Sentences were carried out for the "1956 Crimes" according the "special laws" passed.
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Brakedown of the Death Sentences by "crime".
|
The charge |
Death Sentence carried out |
Carried out sentences in % |
|
Armed struggle |
117 |
51 |
| Post 11 November resistance |
34 |
15 |
| Public leadership |
22 |
10 |
|
Hidden Arms |
15 |
7 |
| Civil revenge participation |
22 |
10 |
| Common crime |
9 |
4 |
|
Data release |
4 |
2 |
|
Others |
6 |
3 |
|
Total |
229 |
100 |
Attila Szakolczai: The executed during the revenge period after the fall of the Revolution. Yearbook III. 1994. Bp., 1956 Institute, 1994.
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Breakdown of the proceedings of the Death Sentece passing courts.
|
Courts Type of proceedings |
Trials |
Trials/ratio |
Carried out Death Sentences |
Carried out Death Sentences/ratio |
| Military Court/Instant |
21 |
17,3 |
27 |
11,8 |
|
Military Court/Ordinary |
33 |
27,0 |
66 |
28,8 |
|
Supreme Court |
2 |
1,7 |
7 |
3,0 |
|
Ordinary, Express & Public Court hearings |
66 |
54,0 |
129 |
56,4 |
|
Total |
122 |
100,0 |
229 |
100,0 |
223 men and 6 women were executed.
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Breakdown of the executed by age.
|
Year of Birth |
Age in 1956 |
Executed |
Executed/ratio |
|
Pre 1901 |
55 plus |
5 |
2,2 |
|
1902-1911 |
45-55 |
13 |
5,7 |
|
1912-1921 |
35-44 |
40 |
17,5 |
|
1922-1931 |
25-34 |
98 |
42,8 |
|
1932-1941 |
15-24 |
73 |
31,8 |
|
Total |
- |
229 |
100,0 |
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Breakdown of the executed by education.
|
Highest education archived |
Executed |
Executed % |
|
No schooling |
3 |
1,3 |
|
Elementary school student |
31 |
13,5 |
| Elementary school graduate |
59 |
25,8 |
|
Trade school student |
6 |
2,6 |
|
Trade school graduate |
27 |
11,9 |
|
High school student |
14 |
6,1 |
| High school graduate |
41 |
17,9 |
|
Tertiary school student |
19 |
8,3 |
| Tertiary school graduate |
20 |
8,7 |
|
Unknown |
9 |
3,9 |
|
Total |
229 |
100,0 |
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Breakdown of the executed by descant and class.
| Father's occupation | Executed | Executed % |
|
Rich farmer |
6 |
2,6 |
|
Middle farmer |
10 |
4,5 |
|
Poor farmer |
19 |
8,4 |
|
Agrarian worker |
28 |
12,3 |
|
Total farmers |
63 |
27,8 |
|
Land owner |
2 |
0,9 |
|
Higher official |
4 |
1,8 |
|
Police, Prison guard |
4 |
1,8 |
|
Office worker |
13 |
5,7 |
|
Intelligent |
10 |
4,5 |
|
Small tradesmen |
23 |
10,1 |
|
Tradesmen |
5 |
2,2 |
|
Servant |
8 |
3,6 |
|
Rail worker |
9 |
3,9 |
|
Labourer |
54 |
23,7 |
|
Assistant/Part-time worker |
9 |
3,9 |
|
Unknown |
12 |
5,3 |
|
Not listed |
11 |
4,8 |
|
Total |
229 |
100,0 |
Zita Cseh -Attila Szakolczai : 1956 Revolution's "Lawful revenge". Manuscript, 1956 Institute.
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My grateful thanks to the Authors of the above documents.
N.B. This is my own translation for illustration purposes only. I could not find an English version. I am not an professional translator and I would like to ask you to over look any translation inaccuracies if applicable. The figures are the original. The Author.
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© 1996-2007 Erwin
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